Cách viết lại câu trong tiếng Anh

Bài tập viết lại câu nằm trong phần tự luận, thường yêu cầu học sinh vận dụng nhiều cấu trúc để hoàn thành 5 câu trong một thời gian ngắn.

Trong bài viết dưới đây, Download.vn xin gửi đến các bạn thí sinh 18 cấu trúc câu Tiếng Anh thường gặp trong bài viết lại câu. Hi vọng đây sẽ là tài liệu hữu ích giúp các bạn ôn tập và củng cố kiến thức nhằm chuẩn bị tốt nhất cho các bài kiểm tra và kỳ thi THPT quốc gia. Chúc các bạn học tốt!

Các cấu trúc viết lại câu

1. S + began/started + to V/ V-ing + time ago [nhận dạng cấu trúc: began/ started to V/ Ving: bắt đầu làm gì]

Viết lại thành: S + have/has + P2 / been Ving+ for / since Ví dụ: She began to play the piano 5 years ago

=> She has played/ has been playing the piano for 5 years.

2. S + last + Ved + time+ ago: Lần cuối cùng làm gì

=> S + have/ has +not+ for + time

=> Its + time+ since + S + last + Ved.

=> The last time + S + V ed+ was + time + ago. Ví dụ: It last snowed 2 weeks ago.

=> It hasnt snowed for 2 weeks

=> Its 2 weeks since it last snowed.

=> The last time it snowed was 2 weeks ago.

3. This is the first time + S +have/has+P2: Lần đầu làm gì

=> S +have/ has + never + P2+ before

=> S+ have/ has not+ P2+ before

Ví dụ: This is the first time I have met him

=> I have never met him before.

=> I havent met him before.

4. This is the Superlative [est/ most ADJ N] S +have/has+P2

=> S +have/ has + never + P2+ such a/an+ ADJ+ N

=> S+ have/ has never+ P2+ a more + ADJ+ N than this

This is the most interesting novel I have ever read.

=> I have never read such an interesting novel.

=> I have never read a more interesting novel than this [one/ novel]

Cấu trúc 5,6,7,8 thay thế cho nhau linh hoạt.

5. S + Be/V + too + adj/adv + [for someone] + to do something: Quá....để cho ai làm gì...

Ví dụ:

- The top shelf is too high for the children to reach.

- He ran too fast for me to follow.

6. S + Be/V + so + adj/ adv + that + S + V+O: Quá... đến nỗi mà...

Ví dụ:

- The top shelf is so high that the children can not reach it.

- He ran so fast that I could not follow him.

Notes: Trong cấu trúc So that: vế sau that là mệnh đề mới nên cần có thêm O sau V nên ta có reach it và follow him, trong khi đó ở cấu trúc too thì không, các em hết sức lưu ý.

Còn cấu trúc S + Be/V + so + many/much/little/few +N + that + S + V + O.

Ví dụ:

She has so much work to do that she can not go out with me tonight.

She has so many things to do that she can not go out with me tonight

7. It + Be/V + such + [a/an] + [adj] + N[s] + that + S + V +O: Quá... đến nỗi mà...

Ví dụ:

- It is such a high top shelf that the children can not reach it.

- He was such a fast runner that I could not follow him

8. S + Be/V + adj/ adv + enough + [for someone] + to do something : Đủ... cho ai đó làm gì...

Chúng ta thường lấy ADJ đối nghĩa của ADJ cho sẵn trong câu too để dùng tạo câu mới.

Ví dụ:

She is too young to get married.

=> She isnt old enough to get married.

9. Its adj [for Sb] to do sth: Ai đó làm gì như thế nào?

=> Doing sth be ADJ [for sb]

=> S find Ving/ it/ N + ADJ to do sth

Ví dụ:

Its difficult for me to wake up early in the morning.

=> Waking up early in the morning is difficult for me.

=> I find waking up early in the morning difficult.

=> I find it difficult to wake up in the morning. [với N] I find English interesting to study.

Ví dụ:

Its cool to try your best for what you want.

=> Trying your best for what you want is cool. I find it cool to try your best for what you want.

10. S+ should/ ought to/ had better+ V Or If I were you,

=> Its time for sb to do sth

=> Its [high/ about] time S+ did sth. [thể hiện sự phàn nàn, chê trách sao tới bây giờ mà vẫn chưa làm?]

Ví dụ:

Youd better go right now.

=> Its time for you to go now.

=> Its time you went now.

11. Although/ Though/ Even though + clause [S+V]

=> Despite / In spite of+ Noun/gerund [Ving]

=> Despite/ in spite of the fact that S+ V,.

Ví dụ: Although they dont have money, they still live happily.

=> Despite no money/ having no money, they still live happily.

=> In spite of the fact that they dont have money, they still live happily.

12. S + V + so that/ in order that+ S + V [chỉ mục đích]

=> S + V + to + V

Ví dụ: She studies hard in order that she can pass the final examination.

=> She studies hard to pass the final examination

13. Theres no point in Ving: không đáng, không có ích khi làm gì?

=> Its no good/ no use Ving

=> Its not worth Ving

Ví dụ: Theres no point in arguing.

=> Its no good/ no use arguing

=> Its not worth arguing

14. Các cấu trúc liên quan đến câu gián tiếp

- Đề nghị: Suggest

Shall we+ V..../Let's+ V.../How/What about+ Ving..../Why dont we + V ..

=> S+ suggested+ Ving: đề nghị cùng làm gì.

Ví dụ: "Why dont we go out for a walk? said the boy.

=> The boy suggested going out for a walk

- Gợi ý cho người khác: Why dont you+ Vo?

=> S+ suggested+ that+ S+ should/shouldn't+ V Ví dụ: Why dont you have a rest? he said to her

=> He suggested that she should have a rest.

- Cáo buộc : S accused Sb of doing sth

You stole the money on the table, she said to him

=> She accused him of stealing the money on the table.

- Thừa nhận hoặc phủ nhận

S+ admitted/ denied+ Ving/ having P2. He said Yes, I did

=> He admitted stealing/ having stolen the money on the table He said: No, I didnt

=> He denied stealing/ having stolen the money on the table

- Lời khuyên [should/ought to/ had better/ If I were you.../ Why dont you]

S + advised sb + [not] to V

If I were you, I would save some money she said

=> She advised me to save some money.

You shouldnt believe him Jane said to Peter.

=> Jane advised Peter not to believe him.

- Câu mời [Would you like......?] S+ offered Sb Sth

S+ offered to do Sth S + invited sb+ to V

Would you like a cup of coffee, Peter? I said.

=> I offered Peter a cup of coffee.

Would you like me to clean the house for you? he said.

=> He offered to clean the house for me.

Would you like to go to the cinema with me tonight? he said.

=> He invited me to go to the cinema with him that night.

- Dặn dò: S + remember + to do Sth

=> S + dont forget + to do Sth

=> S remind Sb to do Sth

He told me: Dont forget to come here on time tomorrow.

=> He reminded me to come there on time the next day.

She said to all of us: Remember to submit the report by this Thursday

=> She reminded all of us to submit the report by that Thursday.

- Cảm ơn: Thank Sb for Ving/ N

Thank you for helping me finish this project he said to us.

=> He thanked us for helping him finish that project. Thank you for this lovely present. I said to him.

=> I thanked him for that lovely present.

- Xin lỗi: S apologized to sb for Ving

Sorry, I broke your vase he said to his mother.

=> He apologized to his mother for breaking her vase

- Khen ngợi: S congratulated Sb on Ving Congratulations! You won the first prize he said to me.

=> He congratulated me on winning the first prize.

- Đe dọa: S+ threatened [sb]+to V/ not to V : đe doạ [ai] làm gì He said " I will kill you if you dont do that "-

=> He threatened to kill me if I didnt do that

15. Chú ý đến các dạng cấu trúc trong câu điều kiện

- Unless = If not.

If you dont have a visa, you can not come to America

=> Unless you have a visa, you can not come to America

- Đảo ngữ trong điều kiện loại 1: Should+ S+ V

+ Loại 2: Were S+ Adj/N / to V

+ Loại 3: Had+ S+ [not] P2

You can ring this number whenever there is any difficulty.

=> Should there be any difficulty, ring this number.

16. Các cấu trúc liên quan đến so sánh:

Sự chuyển đổi từ cấu trúc ngang bằng - so sánh hơn - so sánh hơn nhất: Ví dụ: Sally is the tallest girl in her class

=> No one in Sallys class is as tall as her.

=> No one in Sallys class is taller than her.

- Cấu trúc tăng tiến cấp độ: The 8-year-old bride movie is more and more interesting.

- Cấu trúc càng càng: The older he is, the less he wants to travel.

17. Các cấu trúc liên quan đến bị động

- Have Sb do sth => have Sth done

Ví dụ: We get him to look after our house when we are on business.

=> We get our house looked after [by him] when we are on business

- Make Sb do sth-> Sb be made to do Sth The teacher made the students work hard.

=> The students were made to work hard.

- People say S+ V

=> It be said that S+ V

=> S be said to V/ to have P2

Ví dụ: People say that he drinks a lot of wine.

=> It is said that he drinks a lot of wine.

=> He is said to drink a lot of wine.

18. Các cấu trúc liên quan đến câu đảo ngữ.

- Never will I speak to him again.

- No sooner had I arrived home than the phone rang.

- Hardly had I arrived home when the phone rang.

- Only after posting the letter did I realize that I had forgotten to put on a stamp.

- Not until I asked a passer-by did I know where I was = It was not until I asked a passer-by that I knew where I was.

- Around the corner is the hospital.

Bài tập viết lại câu trong tiếng Anh

1. Why dont you put better lock on the door, Barbara? said John

=> John suggested

2. Although his both legs were broken in the crash, he managed to get out of the car before it exploded.

=> Despite his

3. I havent eaten this kind of food before.

=> This is the first

4. The architect has drawn plans for an extension to the house.

=> Plans

5. It isnt necessary for you to finish by Saturday

=> You

6. How many survivors are there?, asked the journalist.

=> The journalist wanted to know

7. It was such rotten meat that it had to be thrown away.

=> The meat was

8. It is essential that Professor Van Helsing is met at the airport.

=> Professor Van Helsing

9. You cant visit the USA unless you have a visa.

=> If you

10. Can I borrow your typewriter, Janet? asked Peter.

=> Peter asked if

11. She started working as a secretary five years ago.

=> She has

12. She knows a lot more about it than I do.

=> I dont know

13. My French friend finds driving on the left difficult.

=> My French friend isnt

14. They think the owner of the house is abroad.

=> The owner

15. We didnt go on holiday because we did not have enough money.

=> If we

16. The children couldnt go swimming because the sea was rough.

=> The sea was too

17. The mechanic serviced my car last week.

=> I..

18. Im always nervous when I travel by air.

=> Traveling

19. He couldnt afford to buy the car.

=> The car

20. Why dont you put your luggage under the seat? he asked.

=> He suggested

21. Although he had a good salary, he was unhappy in his job.

=> In spite of

22. Im sorry I missed your birthday party.

=> I wish.

23. They havent cleaned the streets this week.

=> The streets.

24. Apples are usually cheaper than oranges.

=> Apple are not.

25. I advice you to put your money in the bank.

=> Youd

26. That restaurant is so dirty that no one wants to eat there.

=> It is such

27. Ill pick the children up if you like.

=> Would you

28. He objected to the fact that his secretary came to work late.

=> He was annoyed.

29. Tom is the most industrious pupil.

=> No other pupil..

30. She isnt accustomed to life in London

=> Shes not used to..

31. Dont forget to phone the office, she told him.

=> She reminded.

32. Im afraid I havent got time to listen to you.

=> I wish.

33. The police has just released John.

=> John.

34. I couldnt hear them because they were speaking too softly.

=> They were speaking

35. We spent 5 hours getting to London.

=> It took..

36. I get to work in 20 minutes.

=> It

37. It is necessary that this work be finished by Monday.

=> This work..

38. Its a pity I didnt take my doctors advice.

=> I wish

39. The bread is so tale we cant eat it.

=> The bread isnt.

40. Who does this bag belong to?

=> Whose..

41. My boyfriend is very short-tempered.

=> My boyfriend loses.

42. You can use it as long as you like, and it wont wear out.

=> No matter..

43. If the work is finished by lunchtime you can go home.

=> Get

44. How have you been getting on with your enquiries?

=> How much

45. I gave Ted the massage, but he already knew about it.

=> I neednt

46. The trains couldnt run because of the snow.

=> The snow

47. I didnt arrived in time to see him.

=> I wasnt early

48. Im sorry I was rude to you yesterday.

=> I apologize

49. She didnt hurry, so she missed the train.

=> If

50. Barbara is the best tennis-player in the club.

=> No one

51. I havent seen that man here before.

=> Its

52. The furniture was so expensive that I didnt buy it.

=> The furniture was too

53. The robbers made the bank manager hand over on the money.

=> The bank manager

54. Tom learned to drive when he was nineteen.

=> Tom has

55. She had never been so unhappy before.

=> She was unhappier

56. It was so late that nothing could be done.

=> It was too

57. He left school and then joined the army.

=> After

58. The leak was repaired by the plumber this morning.

=> The plumber

59.This flower is very beautiful!

=> How

60. Somebody stole his watch yesterday.

=> His watch

61. The last time she had a swim was five years ago.

=> She hasnt

62. I asked the hotel porter to wake me at 8 oclock the following morning.

=> Please

63. Theyll have to change the date of the meeting again.

The date

64. The garage is going to repair the car for us next week.

We are going

65. The bus take s longer than the train.

The train

66. John has not had his hair cut for over six months.

It is

67. Maria says shed like to have been put in a higher class.

Maria wishes..

68. Would you like me to finish the work tonight?

Ill

69. You may get hungry on the train, so take some sandwiches.

In

70. My husband didnt leave the car keys, so I couldnt pick him up at the station.

If my husband

71. I dont think John will come, said Bill

Bill doubted

72. The postman was bitten by our dog.

Our dog

73. We couldnt drive because of the fog.

The fog prevented

74. Although his leg was broken he managed to get out of the car.

In spite

75. The cake was so hard so I couldnt cat it.

It was

76. We didnt go because it rained.

If it hadnt..

77. I cant cook as well as my mother does.

My mother

78. I dont suppose you have change for a pound, do you?

Do you happen

79. He failed to win the race.

He didnt

80. Mary rang hours and hour ago.

Its hours

81. Im sorry that I didnt finish my homework last night.

I wish

82. She asked Michael how she liked her new dress.

How

83. A train leaves at 8 oclock every morning.

There is

84. Nobody can deny that she has a beautiful voice.

It

85. I would like you t help me to put the chairs away.

Do you mind

86. The child will die if nobody sends for a doctor.

Unless

87. He would prefer you to pay him immediately.

Hed rather

88. The water was so cold that the children couldnt swim in it.

The water was not

89. Somebody repaired her car yesterday.

She

90. You must see the manager tomorrow morning.

Youve

91. There was never any answers when we rang.

=> Every

92. Thats an insulting name to use for him.

=> Dont call

93. John asked if it was the blue one or the green she wanted.

=> Which

94. She liked Paris very little, and Rome less.

=> She thought Rome

95. I can meet you if you arrive before eleven.

=> So

96. They will catch all the prisoners again by tonight.

=> All the prisoners

97. Ive warned you not go to near that dog.

=> Ive warned you about

98. No, please dont tell him.

=> Id rather

99. Why dont asked her yourself?

=> I suggest

100. The last time I went to Ho Chi Minh City was ten years ago.

=> It

101. Although he was very tired, he tried to help me with my homework.

=> Tired as

102. The car is too expensive. I can't afford it.

=> It was

103. It's the first time I've been to New York

I haven't

104. "You damaged my camera", said Hung to his sister.

Hung accused

105. We didn't have any holidays until this summer.

It was not

............

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