Trong quá trình học ngữ pháp tiếng Anh, nhiều bạn vẫn hay nhầm lẫn giữa Thì tương lai gần – Near future tense với thì tương lai đơn – Future simple tense. Với bài viết hôm nay, Vietop xin giới thiệu đến các bạn phần tổng hợp những cấu trúc quan trọng của thì tương lai gần, cách phân biệt nó với thì tương lai đơn và đặc biệt là bài tập thì tương lai gần!
1.1. Định nghĩa thì tương lai gần
Thì tương lai gần – Near future tense trong tiếng Anh được dùng để diễn đạt một kế hoạch, dự định trước, hay dự đoán dựa vào bằng chứng ở hiện tại.
E.g: I am going to see a play tonight. [Tôi sẽ đi xem một vở kịch tối nay.]
1.2. Cấu trúc thì tương lai gần
AffirmativeS + is/ am/ are + going to + V-inf We are going to take a trip to England next week. [Chúng tôi dự định sẽ có chuyến đi đến Anh vào tuần tới.]NegativeS + is/ am/ are + not + going to + V-inf I am not going to attend the meeting this afternoon because I am very tired. [Tôi sẽ không tham dự cuộc họp chiều nay vì tôi rất mệt.]Yes/No questionsAm/ Is/ Are + S + going to + V-inf? Are you going to call him? [Bạn có định gọi anh ta không?]Wh- questionsWH- + am/ is/ are + going to + V-inf? When are we going to eat lunch? [Khi nào chúng ta sẽ ăn trưa?]
Lưu ý: Với động từ GO [đi] ta không dùng là S + am/ is/ are + going to + go. Mà chỉ sử dụng thì hiện tại tiếp diễn như sau: S + am/is/are + Going to….
E.g.: I’m going to go to the market tomorrow. [SAI]
–> I’m going to the market tomorrow. [ĐÚNG]
1.3. Dấu hiệu nhận biết và cách sử dụng thì tương lai gần
Giống như thì tương lai đơn, thì tương lai gần trong câu cũng có những từ chỉ khái niệm thời gian mang ý nghĩa tương lai như tomorrow [ngày mai], next…[…tới], in + thời gian [trong bao lâu nữa], soon [sớm, chốc lát], nhưng sẽ có thêm những dẫn chứng hoặc căn cứ cụ thể.
E.g.: Look at the sky, it’s going to rain soon. [Nhìn bầu trời kìa, lát nữa nhất định sẽ mưa.]
Ta có các cách sử dụng thì tương lai gần như sau
Cách dùngVí dụDiễn đạt kế hoạch, dự định cho sự việc sẽ làm trong tương lai.They are going to get married this year. [Họ dự định sẽ kết hôn trong năm nay.]Diễn đạt một lời dự đoán dựa vào bằng chứng ở hiện tại.William feels terrible. He thinks he’s going to be sick. [William đang cảm thấy rất tệ. Anh ấy nghĩ là mình sẽ bị ốm.]
1.4. Những lưu ý cần thiết
- Trong một số trường hợp, “will” và “be going to” có thể thay thế cho nhau, tuy nhiên sự khác biệt là “will” diễn tả hành động ngẫu nhiên hơn, trong khi “be going to” diễn tả hành động có kế hoạch cụ thể hơn.
- Khi sử dụng thì tương lai đơn giản, không cần thêm đại từ chủ ngữ “I” hay “he/she/it” trước động từ, chỉ cần sử dụng “will” hoặc “be going to” trực tiếp.
- Có thể sử dụng từ “probably” hoặc “likely” để diễn tả một dự đoán tương lai có khả năng xảy ra.
E.g. They will probably arrive late. [Họ có thể sẽ đến trễ.]
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2. Phân biệt thì tương lai gần và thì tương lai đơn
Vì đều cùng nói về hành động sẽ xảy ra trong tương lai, cho nên thì tương lai gần và thì tương lai đơn rất hay gây nhầm lẫn khi sử dụng. Vietop giúp các bạn chỉ ra những điểm khác biệt của 2 thì này như sau:
Thì tương lai gầnThì tương lai đơnDiễn đạt kế hoạch, dự định cho sự việc sẽ làm trong tương lai. E.g.: We are out of milk! [Ta hết sữa rồi!] I know. I’m going to buy some. [Tôi biết. Tôi chuẩn bị đi mua một chút sữa đây.]Diễn đạt một quyết định ngay tại thời điểm nói, không có kế hoạch, dự định trước. E.g.: We are out of milk! [Ta hết sữa rồi!] Then I’ll buy some. [Thế thì tôi sẽ đi mua một ít vậy.]Diễn đạt một lời dự đoán có căn cứ. E.g.: There are too many dark clouds in the sky, it is going to rain soon. [Trên trời nhiều mây đen quá, lát nữa chắc sẽ mưa.]Diễn đạt lời dự đoán không có căn cứ. E.g.: I don’t know either, but I think robots will replace humans in the future. [Tôi cũng không biết nữa, nhưng tôi cho rằng robot sẽ thay thế con người trong tương lai.]
Xem thêm các dạng ngữ pháp:
- Thì hiện tại đơn
- Bảng chữ cái tiếng Anh
- Thì quá khứ đơn
3. Bài tập thì tương lai gần
3.1. Bài 1: Complete the following sentences with the correct verb form [future simple of near future]
- Philipp ___________ 17 next Wednesday. [to be]
- They ___________ a new computer. [to get]
- I think my mother ___________ this CD. [to like]
- Paul’s sister ___________ a baby. [to have]
- They ___________ at about 4 in the afternoon. [to arrive]
- Just a moment. I ___________ you with the bags. [to help]
- In 2025 people ___________ more hybrid cars. [to buy]
- Marvin ___________ a party next week. [to throw]
- We ___________ to Venice in June. [to fly]
- Look at the clouds! It ___________ soon. [to rain]
3.2. Bài 2: Choose the correct answer
- What __________ [do] next weekend? Do you have any plans?
- A. will you
- B. are you going to do
- David: I’m hungry! Ken: I ________ [make] you a sandwich. What do you want?
- A. will make
- B. am going to make
- I __________ [finish] the report by the end of next week. You can believe me.
- A. will finish
- B. am going to finish
- What do you think you ________ [study] when you go to college in five years?
- A. will study
- B. are going to study
- He promises they _______ [deliver] the package by the end of the week.
- A. will deliver
- B. are going to deliver
- I’ve finally made up my mind. I __________ [become] a lawyer when I grown up.
- A. will become
- B. am going to become
- It’s hard to predict the future. I think we _______ [live] here for a long time, but you never know.
- A. are going to live
- B. will live
- I’ve bought my ticket. I ___________ [fly] to Chicago next week.
- A. am going to fly
- B. will fly
3.3. Bài 3: Use the correct form of Near Future tense and the verbs in brackets
- I ___________ [take] some photos at the weekend.
- They ___________ [order] a pizza for dinner.
- We ___________ [not play] football tomorrow.
- Paul ___________ [get] a summer job.
- ___________ [you / phone] me tonight?
- Molly ___________ [not buy] a new skirt for the party.
- ___________ [Greg / start] university next year?
- I ___________ [study] tonight.
3.4. Bài 4: Complete these questions using the prompts and the Near Future tense
- Where / we / eat tonight / ?
- What / he / do tomorrow / ?
- What / I / eat for lunch / ?
- Who / carry these bags / ?
- What time / you / phone me / ?
- When / you / give him the present / ?
- How much longer / it / take / ?
- Where / Mary / sleep / ?
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- Thì tương lai tiếp diễn
3.5. Bài 5: Choose the correct answer
- Tom: Are you busy this evening?
Adam: No, Not at all. I _______________ do anything.
- A. am not going to
- B. will
- C. am going to
- D. don’t
- Adam: Are you _______________ go out of the town this weekend?
Tom: Yes, I am. I am going to visit my grandparents.
- A. will
- B. going to
- C. like
- D. don’t
- Adam: _________ you going to watch the soccer match tomorrow.
Tom: No, I am not. I ______________ be out of the town.
- A. Do/ am going to
- B. Will/ will
- C. Are/ don’t
- D. Are/ am going to
- Tom: Would you like to come over tomorrow?
Adam: I’d like to, but I am going to ___________ for my English exam.
- A. studying
- B. studied
- C. study
- D. studies
- Adam: I _______ have a party at my place on Tuesday. Would you like ______?
Tom: I’d like to. Thank you for inviting me.
- A. am going to / to come
- B. will / coming
- C. am going to / coming
- D. will / to come
- Tom: Are you going to join Kevin’s birthday party?
Adam: __________________. I am going to visit my relatives.
- A. Yes, I can
- B. No, I don’t
- C. Yes, I will
- D. No, I am not
- Would you like to join my tea party? I am sure you ________ have great fun.
- A. will going to
- B. are going to
- C. going to
- D. go to
- Adam: Our school is organizing a tennis competition on Friday afternoon. It is _________ in the City Sports Center. Would you like to join?
Tom: It would be great.
- A. will be
- B. be
- C. going to be
- D. will going to be
- We are _____ have a barbecue with friends on Saturday. Would you like to join us?
- A. going to
- B. will
- C. don’t
- D. not
10. Tom: What a nice day! Do you want to take a walk with me?
Adam: Sorry, but ________________.
- A. I will be there on time
- B. I am not going to do anything else
- C. I will come with you
- D. I am going to help my mother to clean the house
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- Bài tập thì hiện tại hoàn thành tiếp diễn
- Bài tập các thì trong tiếng Anh
3.6. Bài 6: Choose the correct answer, A, B, C or D.
1. It’s getting late. I think I __________ go to bed soon.
- A. will go
- B. am going to go
- C. am going
2. I __________ buy a new car next year.
- A. will
- B. am going to
- C. am
3. Look at the sky! It __________ rain soon.
- A. will
- B. is going to
- C. is
4. I __________ a meeting at 10 o’clock tomorrow morning.
- A. will have
- B. am going to have
- C. am having
5. Don’t worry. I __________ you with your homework.
- A. will help
- B. am going to help
- C. am helping
6. She __________ her driver’s license next week.
- A. will get
- B. is going to get
- C. gets
7. I’m sorry, but I __________ be able to attend the party tomorrow.
- A. will not
- B. am not going to
- C. am not
8. He __________ his room before he goes to bed.
- A. will clean
- B. is going to clean
- C. cleans
9. They __________ to the beach this weekend.
- A. will go
- B. are going to go
- C. go
10. __________ you come to the party tonight?
- A. Will
- B. Are
- C. Do
11. I __________ a lot of money in the stock market next year.
- A. will make
- B. am going to make
- C. make
12. I’m sure he __________ you a birthday present.
- A. will give
- B. is going to give
- C. gives
13. The train __________ arrive at 6 o’clock in the evening.
- A. will
- B. is going to
- C. is
14. She __________ English for two hours every day.
- A. will study
- B. is going to study
- C. studies
15. We __________ a picnic in the park tomorrow.
- A. will have
- B. are going to have
- C. have
16. He __________ his parents next month.
- A. will visit
- B. is going to visit
- C. visits
17. I __________ the report by the end of the day.
- A. will finish
- B. am going to finish
- C. finish
18. She __________ her hair before the party tonight.
- A. will wash
- B. is going to wash
- C. washes
19. They __________ to go skiing in the winter.
- A. will want
- B. are going to want
- C. want
20. The company __________ a new product next year.
- A. will launch
- B. is going to launch
- C. launches
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- Bỏ túi 100 câu bài tập Thì hiện tại đơn có đáp án ngay
- Phân biệt Thì quá khứ đơn và quá khứ hoàn thành kèm bài tập
3.7. Bài 7: Fill in the blanks with either “will” or “be going to” to form the simple future tense.
- I think it __________ rain tomorrow.
- She __________ be a doctor when she grows up.
- They __________ get married next year.
- We __________ have a great time on vacation.
- He __________ be late for the meeting.
- I __________ start studying for the exam soon.
- She __________ travel to Europe next summer.
- They __________ buy a new car next month.
- He __________ move to a new apartment next week.
- We __________ go to the beach this weekend.
- She __________ visit her grandparents next month.
- They __________ have a baby in a few months.
- He __________ be a famous actor someday.
- We __________ go on a hiking trip next month.
- It __________ be a hot day tomorrow.
- She __________ run a marathon next year.
- They __________ attend a concert next weekend.
- We __________ start a new business soon.
- He __________ learn to speak Spanish this year.
- She __________ write a book about her experiences.
3.8. Bài 8: Read the following sentences and choose the correct verb form [“will” or “be going to”] to complete each sentence correctly.
- She has been studying hard for the exam, so she __________ pass it easily.
- The company is expanding, so they __________ hire more employees next year.
- I just bought a lottery ticket. I hope I __________ win the jackpot.
- My sister is really talented at singing. She __________ a famous singer someday.
- The weather forecast says it __________ rain tomorrow.
- I think the restaurant is going to be crowded tonight. We __________ make a reservation.
- He has been training for months. He __________ run a marathon next month.
- The professor said that the test __________ be difficult, so we need to study hard.
- The car is making strange noises. I think it __________ break down soon.
- The president of the company __________ visit the factory next week.
- I have an appointment with my doctor next week. She __________ give me a check-up.
- My friend has been practicing her guitar every day. She __________ perform at the talent show next month.
- I think the price of the stock __________ go up soon.
- The construction workers __________ finish the building by the end of the year.
- I don’t think I __________ have enough time to finish this project before the deadline.
- The company __________ launch a new product next month.
- My parents __________ retire next year.
- The team has been training really hard. They __________ win the championship this year.
- The teacher __________ assign a lot of homework this week.
- I don’t have any plans for the weekend. I __________ probably just stay home and relax.
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Thì quá khứ tiếp diễn
Thì hiện tại hoàn thành tiếp diễn3.9. Đáp án
Bài 1:
- Philipp will be 15 next Wednesday.
- They are going to get a new computer.
- I think my mother will like this CD.
- Paul’s sister is going to have a baby.
- They will arrive at about 4 in the afternoon.
- Just a moment. I will help you with the bags.
- In 2025 people will buy more hybrid cars.
- Marvin is going to throw a party next week.
- We are going to fly to Venice in June.
- Look at the clouds! It is going to rain soon.
Bài 2:
- are you going to do
- will make
- will finish
- are going to study
- will deliver
- am going to become
- will live
- am going to fly
Bài 3:
- ‘m going to take
- ‘re going to order
- aren’t going to play
- ‘s going to get
- Are you going to phone
- isn’t going to buy
- Is Greg going to start
- ‘m not going to study
Bài 4:
- Where are we going to eat tonight?
- What is he going to do tomorrow?
- What am I going to eat for lunch?
- Who is going to carry these bags?
- What time are you going to phone me?
- When are you going to give him the present?
- How much longer is it going to take?
- Where is Mary going to sleep?
Bài 5:
- Am not going to
- Going to
- Are / am going to
- Study
- Am going to / to come
- No, I am not
- Are going to
- Going to be
- Going to
- I am going to help my mother to clean the house
Bài 6:
- B
- B
- B
- A
- A
- B
- B
- B
- B
- A
- B
- A
- B
- B
- B
- A
- B
- B
- C
- B
Bài 7:
- Is going to
- Will
- Are going to
- Will
- Is going to
- Will
- Is going to
- Are going to
- Is going to
- Are going to
- Is going to
- Are going to
- Will
- Are going to
- Is going to
- Is going to
- Are going to
- Are going to
- Is going to
- Will
Bài 8:
- Will
- Are going to
- Will
- Is going to be
- Will
- Should be going to
- Is going to
- Will
- Is going to
- Is going to
- Will be going to
- Will be
- Is going to
- Are going to
- Am going to
- Is going to
- Are going to
- Are going to
- Is going to
- Am probably going to
Hy vọng với phần tổng hợp kiến thức cũng như bài tập thì tương lai gần, các bạn đã hiểu rõ hơn về thì này cũng như cách phân biệt nó với thì tương lai đơn để có thể sử dụng nó tốt hơn trong quá trình học tiếng Anh. Các bạn nhớ thường xuyên luyện tập và hãy cùng nhau chờ những bài viết tiếp theo từ Vietop nhé!
Xem ngay: Khóa học IELTS General – Thiết kế riêng cho đối tượng đang tìm kiếm cơ hội việc làm và định cư ở nước ngoài.