In terms of friendships, ethnic boundaries may become sharper during adolescence due to

question

Ed is a 14-year-old boy living in Seattle. Where is Ed likely to face most of his intellectual challenges?

answer

In his daily school activities

question

In terms of Piaget's theory of cognitive development, what statement does NOT belong?

question

Piaget proposed that the active construction of reality takes place through the use of schemes. Schemes are

answer

mental structures for organizing and interpreting information

question

One of the limitations of Piagetian theory is the

answer

neglect of the cultural basis of cognitive development.

question

What are the three separate capacities in the information processing model?

answer

Attention, processing, and memory.

question

Fifteen-year-old Donny can read his math textbooks quickly. His little sister, Marie, also reads her math books, but it takes her longer and she stumbles over some words. Donny is demonstrating greater

question

According to the text, one possible explanation of why adolescents and adults differ in decision making is because mature decision making requires both

answer

cognitive and psychological factors

question

Bob and his friends have developed a new game. After school they all climb aboard a freight train, and when it crosses the river, they dive off the top of the box cars into the water. This dangerous behavior is best explained by the

question

The personal fable is built upon what concept?

question

Which psychologist is credited with the development of a cultural approach to cognition?

question

Cultural belief systems include the roles that are appropriate for particular persons. What role is NOT a legitimate cultural role?

question

Tish is a 15-year-old girl who believes that everyone should be his or her "own person," make his or her own decisions, and have the freedom to choose a course in life. Of the following, where would Tish most likely live?

question

One cultural belief which underlies the practice of dating is that young people should

answer

have a right to decide who they are intimate with

question

According to the text, which statement typically applies to Asian American emerging adults in their beliefs about key criterion of adulthood?

answer

Becoming capable of financially supporting parents

question

According to the text, religions typically specify a code for behavior and these codes usually contain rules for

answer

all of these...self-regulation, role preparation, sources of meaning.

question

Liam's parents disagree about religious beliefs. Her mother is devout and attends mass twice per week, while her father is an atheist. Her parents' disagreement is so deep that they no longer discuss religious issues. According to the text, which of the following is most likely? Liam

question

A scholar who has proposed a theory of stages of religious development linked to cognitive development is

question

Suppose you were a subject in one of Piaget's studies on moral development. It is most likely that you would be

answer

playing a game of marbles and discussing the rules.

question

Giselle reasons at Kohlberg's Stage 1: punishment and obedience orientation. What would Giselle be most likely to say about lying?

answer

"Lying is wrong because Mommy spanks me when I lie."

question

In terms of political beliefs, what does "capacity to develop an ideology" mean?

answer

Developing a set of beliefs that serves as a basis for personal political attitudes.

question

In your text, use of the term sex refers to the

answer

biological status of being male or female.

question

According to research, in traditional cultures, during adolescence, socialization becomes broader for boys and narrower for girls. Therefore,

answer

boys generally have more freedom than girls.

question

Brittany is eight years old. Her daily activities include helping her mother make meals, running the household, and looking after her baby brother. Most likely, Brittany lives in a[n]

answer

traditional preindustrial culture.

question

Cross-cultural analyses have shown that in traditional cultures a boy is considered a man when he is able to

answer

provide, protect, and procreate.

question

Some scholars argue that for African American adolescents gender roles reflect

answer

challenges faced in African American history.

question

Increased emphasis on gender roles in adolescence is characteristic of

answer

both traditional and Western cultures.

question

According to research, increased conformity to gender roles during early adolescence occurs especially for adolescents

answer

whose parents encourage gender-role conformity

question

The research finding that 90 percent of infants observed at an American shopping mall were wearing gender-specific clothing provides support for

answer

differential gender socialization

question

According to the text, gender expectations become more rigid in early adolescence as part of the gender intensification process. In what grade does gender flexibility peak?

question

Which of the following is associated with gender schema theory?

answer

An assumption that people organize information in terms of gender.

question

The term self-esteem was invented by

question

For an adolescent, feelings of failure may result from awareness of a difference between the

answer

actual self and the ideal self

question

Which of the following is NOT one of the domains of self-image proposed by Harter?

answer

Extracurricular participation

question

Tessa's parents have noticed that she has low self-esteem. Of the following, what is the best advice for them?

answer

Provide love and encouragement

question

According to Erikson, each life period is characterized by a specific

answer

developmental issue.

question

Enid looks up to her aunt who is a writer and wants to be just like her when she grows up. According to Erikson, which of the following terms describes this situation?

question

For adolescents in minority cultures, the cognitive ability of self-reflection may bring about a heightened awareness of

answer

All of these... a.what it means to be a member of a minority group. b. the cultural stereotypes others may hold. c. differences between the majority and minority cultures.

question

As a consequence of __________ many young people around the world adopt a_________ identity.

answer

globalization; bicultural

question

Jakob goes out a lot. He hangs around with a lot of guys from his neighborhood and his school. They are always skateboarding together downtown and playing video games. However, Jakob feels like he has no one to talk to about his problems and the things that are important to him. Jakob is experiencing

answer

emotional loneliness.

question

During which of the following life periods do people tend to spend the most time alone?

question

According to research, what family members do adolescents rate as having the closest attachments with?

question

One key principle of the family systems approach is

answer

parents often become depressed when children move away

question

Dylan, a 15-year-old boy, and his father, Craig, have spent less time together over the past few years. On average Dylan and his father only spend about one hour a day together, and most of that time is spent watching television. What does this tell us about Dylan's home life?

answer

Dylan's home life is normal.

question

Parental responsiveness is the degree to which parents

answer

are sensitive to their children's needs.

question

What principle describes the idea that adolescents are not only influenced by their parents but also influence their parents?

question

Which statement about parenting is most true of non-Western cultures?

answer

Authoritative parenting is rare.

question

What do early and middle adolescents have in common in terms of their family harmony? Both age groups tend to have high levels of

answer

conflict with parents.

question

What statement most closely reflects the feelings of emerging adults after their departure from the family home? Emerging adults report

answer

ALL a. greater closeness with their parents. b. fewer negative feelings toward their parents. c. valuing their parents' opinions.

question

In recent studies what percentage of American emerging adults "return to the nest" to live at least once after they leave?

question

According to research conducted on runaway youth, what percentage who leave home stay within 50 miles of home?

question

Friendships are particularly important during adolescence because it is a time of life when young people

answer

a. extend their relationships outside the immediate family.

question

According to research, who do 15-year-olds indicate is their primary source of emotional support?

answer

d. Same-gender friends

question

Consuelo is very close to her parents. She really loves going sailing with her mom on the weekends; she describes their conversations as "very deep." Consuelo often goes to her dad for advice and loves helping him in the kitchen. Based on research, we could predict that Consuelo is likely to

answer

b. develop strong attachments to friends.

question

Which of the following scholars first developed ideas on the importance of intimacy in adolescent relationships?

question

Close friendship in adolescence promotes development of

answer

ALL a. perspective taking. b. a healthy identity. c. empathy. Correct Response d. all of these answers are correct.

question

In terms of friendships, ethnic boundaries may become sharper during adolescence due to

answer

b. ethnic stereotypes and prejudices.

question

Friendships in emerging adulthood often include information, instrumental, companionship and

question

According to research, in emerging adulthood, the importance of ____________ tend to decline as romantic relationships _________________.

answer

friendships; develop

question

Which of the following best represents the function of crowds? Crowds

answer

help adolescents define their identities.

question

Which of the following is the term for a society that condones a high degree of variability among individuals and groups?

question

Mike and Lisa, both 15 years old, are boyfriend and girlfriend. If Mike and Lisa were typical of the young people in recent research on adolescent romantic behavior, what would they look for in a romantic partner?

answer

Mike would mention physical attractiveness

question

Which statement best characterizes adolescent love?

answer

Infatuation is common among adolescents.

question

Romantic love as the basis for marriage is

answer

a new cultural idea.

question

Fifteen-year-old Alex is at home feeling sad. She has just been dumped by her boyfriend. Her mom comes into her room to see how she is doing. Alex feels like the world is over, she will never love again, and this is the worst thing that has ever happened to her. Alex's unhappy feelings are intensified by her

answer

adolescent egocentrism

question

One implication which follows from the personal fable of adolescence is that adolescents

answer

tend to score high on measures of formal operational thought

question

One implication that follows from restrictive cultures placing strong prohibitions on adolescent sexual activity before marriage is that

answer

d. females are punished for engaging in premarital sex.

question

What factor tends NOT to affect the timing of an adolescent's first sexual experience?

answer

Level of parental communication

question

Harassment may include all of the following EXCEPT

answer

excessively complimenting the person

question

One implication that follows from the pervasiveness of homophobia in American society is

answer

coming out can be a traumatic experience.

question

Over the past year, Alex has only been sexually active with one partner. According to the text, Alex is most likely

question

According to the text, when did states in the USA begin passing laws requiring school attendance through early teens?

question

According to the text, the comprehensive high school system was designed to

answer

ALL a. include general education. b. prepare students for college. c. include vocational training. d. all of these answers are correct.

question

One major drawback of the U.S. system of comprehensive high schools is

answer

it limits job-specific training.

question

Blanca and Melanie attend high schools in Thunder Bay, Ontario. Blanca attends a large high school with 3,000 students. Melanie, on the other hand, attends a smaller school of only 200. According to research, who is more likely to participate in extracurricular activities based on the size of the schools?

question

School climate refers to the

answer

quality of interactions between students and teachers.

question

According to research, which statement best summarizes the current climate in American high schools? Adolescents are

answer

physically present but psychologically absent.

question

How is socioeconomic status [SES] related to adolescents' school performance?

answer

Performance and SES are positively correlated.

question

According to the text, what best explains girls' superior performance in school and the relatively poor performance of boys?

answer

ALL a. Girls report more positive experiences in the classroom. b. Girls feel greater support by their parents. c. Girls have higher contact time with their teachers. d. All of these answers are correct.

question

According to the text, approximately what percentage of college students drop out before obtaining a degree?

question

Hunting, fishing, and farming are occupational pursuits most common in

answer

traditional cultures

question

According to Chapter 11, one benefit of globalization has been

answer

making daily life easier in traditional cultures.

question

Balwant's parents are living in severe poverty in New Delhi, India. Balwant's parents have decided that the only way they can survive is to take out a loan and guarantee the money with Balwant's labor. This is known as

question

Which statement most accurately represents the relationship between American schools and adolescent work?

answer

None of these answers are correct

question

Some studies have shown positive findings between adolescent work and psychological functioning which includes

answer

increased self-esteem.

question

According to research, working more than _________ hours a week is associated with a variety of types of problem behavior including vandalism, driving while intoxicated, and beating up someone.

question

What percentage of American emerging adults attends college after graduating from high school? Approximately

question

According to the text, all of the U.S. school-to-work and job-training programs tried thus far have

answer

only been implemented on a limited scale.

question

What is the last stage of Super's [1992] theory of the development of occupational goals?

question

In contrast to high school graduates, adolescents who drop out before they graduate are more likely to be

question

At the beginning of the chapter, the author uses the example of the Disney movie "The Program" to illustrate

answer

the complexity of media influences on adolescents.

question

Which of the following is NOT one of the theories of media influence discussed in this chapter?

answer

The Cognitive Developmental Approach

question

All her life, 15-year-old Trina has watched American television shows that depict life in a middle-class, two-parent home. Trina believes that this type of family life is typical of life in America. This example best illustrates

question

Robbie is in 10th grade and edits the school poetry "zine." He hopes to be a published writer and win a scholarship to a fine arts college. He says he became interested in poetry two years ago when he watched a television show about Jack Kerouac. This situation best illustrates media use and

answer

identity formation.

question

Which of the following is NOT an example of a qualitative research method?

answer

Students answer questionnaires about the frequency and type of media use.

question

The most important result of 20th century media, such as television and radio, was the creation of a new source of

question

It is difficult to make a clear link between viewing violent television and aggressive behavior in adolescents because most of the research is

question

Ward [1995] found that young men and women in popular television shows are often portrayed as having a _______________ attitude towards sex.

question

What type of music was criticized in the 1920s for promoting promiscuity and alcohol use?

question

According to research, in which of the following areas were striking changes observed in Inuit adolescents' behavior after the introduction of television?

answer

Romantic relationships and competitive sports

question

One reason that emerging adulthood has been proposed as a key period for the expression of resilience is because emerging adults

answer

have not yet made the commitments that structure adult life

question

Which of the following is a leading researcher in the area of resilience?

question

Leanne is underweight and has experienced amenorrhea associated with anorexia nervosa. Despite this, when she looks in the mirror she sees herself as overweight and flabby. This situation best illustrates

answer

cognitive distortion.

question

Young people with internalizing disorders are sometimes referred to as

question

Caddy suffers from clinical depression. Based on research, it could be predicted that Caddy is more likely to ___________________ than other adolescents.

answer

have an anxiety disorder

question

Which of the following best describes substance use among American adolescents?

answer

Other than alcohol, cigarettes, and marijuana, substance use is uncommon.

question

Terrie Moffitt's [1993, 2003] provocative theory proposes a distinction between two types of delinquency:

answer

adolescence-limited and life-course-persistent.

question

The idea that religious participation may make it less likely that an adolescent take part in risk behavior best refers to

question

The Add Health study found that risk behavior was significantly related to

answer

ALL a. family structure. b socioeconomic status. c. ethnic background. d. all of these answers are correct.

question

That African American adolescents are more likely than White adolescents to be arrested reflects

answer

lower SES among African Americans

question

For the most part, early maturation tends to be more positive for girls than boys

question

Kohlberg's cognitive development theory of gender was based on Jean Piaget's ideas about cognitive development

question

A century ago, the mission of most colleges and universities was grounded explicitly in religious beliefs

question

The two processes involved in the use of schemes are assimilation and analytic thinking

question

According to research by Ward [1995], approximately 70% of interactions in television shows most popular with adolescents contained sex-related statements

question

Erik Erikson felt that emerging adulthood is characterized by the age 0f identity explorations

question

Lower levels of body fat signal the hypothalamus to increase GnRh production

question

Not all adolescents participate in youth culture

question

Externalizing problems are more common among females than among males

question

People who have received cognitive-behavior therapy are less likely than those who have been treated with antidepressant medication to relapse after the treatment period

question

The peak of substance use occurs during adolescence

question

According to Adelson [1971], one key change observed between early and late adolescence was a sharp increase in authoritarian political views

question

Some scholars suggest a link between cognitive development and contraception use

question

Based on biological and cognitive changes of adolescence, parent-adolescent conflict is universal and "natural"

question

In traditional cultures, socialization becomes broader for girls and narrower for boys in adolescents

question

Ed is a 14-year-old boy living in Seattle. Where is Ed likely to face most of his intellectual challenges?

answer

In his daily school activities

question

In terms of Piaget's theory of cognitive development, what statement does NOT belong?

question

Piaget proposed that the active construction of reality takes place through the use of schemes. Schemes are

answer

mental structures for organizing and interpreting information

question

One of the limitations of Piagetian theory is the

answer

neglect of the cultural basis of cognitive development.

question

What are the three separate capacities in the information processing model?

answer

Attention, processing, and memory.

question

Fifteen-year-old Donny can read his math textbooks quickly. His little sister, Marie, also reads her math books, but it takes her longer and she stumbles over some words. Donny is demonstrating greater

question

According to the text, one possible explanation of why adolescents and adults differ in decision making is because mature decision making requires both

answer

cognitive and psychological factors

question

Bob and his friends have developed a new game. After school they all climb aboard a freight train, and when it crosses the river, they dive off the top of the box cars into the water. This dangerous behavior is best explained by the

question

The personal fable is built upon what concept?

question

Which psychologist is credited with the development of a cultural approach to cognition?

question

Cultural belief systems include the roles that are appropriate for particular persons. What role is NOT a legitimate cultural role?

question

Tish is a 15-year-old girl who believes that everyone should be his or her "own person," make his or her own decisions, and have the freedom to choose a course in life. Of the following, where would Tish most likely live?

question

One cultural belief which underlies the practice of dating is that young people should

answer

have a right to decide who they are intimate with

question

According to the text, which statement typically applies to Asian American emerging adults in their beliefs about key criterion of adulthood?

answer

Becoming capable of financially supporting parents

question

According to the text, religions typically specify a code for behavior and these codes usually contain rules for

answer

all of these...self-regulation, role preparation, sources of meaning.

question

Liam's parents disagree about religious beliefs. Her mother is devout and attends mass twice per week, while her father is an atheist. Her parents' disagreement is so deep that they no longer discuss religious issues. According to the text, which of the following is most likely? Liam

question

A scholar who has proposed a theory of stages of religious development linked to cognitive development is

question

Suppose you were a subject in one of Piaget's studies on moral development. It is most likely that you would be

answer

playing a game of marbles and discussing the rules.

question

Giselle reasons at Kohlberg's Stage 1: punishment and obedience orientation. What would Giselle be most likely to say about lying?

answer

"Lying is wrong because Mommy spanks me when I lie."

question

In terms of political beliefs, what does "capacity to develop an ideology" mean?

answer

Developing a set of beliefs that serves as a basis for personal political attitudes.

question

In your text, use of the term sex refers to the

answer

biological status of being male or female.

question

According to research, in traditional cultures, during adolescence, socialization becomes broader for boys and narrower for girls. Therefore,

answer

boys generally have more freedom than girls.

question

Brittany is eight years old. Her daily activities include helping her mother make meals, running the household, and looking after her baby brother. Most likely, Brittany lives in a[n]

answer

traditional preindustrial culture.

question

Cross-cultural analyses have shown that in traditional cultures a boy is considered a man when he is able to

answer

provide, protect, and procreate.

question

Some scholars argue that for African American adolescents gender roles reflect

answer

challenges faced in African American history.

question

Increased emphasis on gender roles in adolescence is characteristic of

answer

both traditional and Western cultures.

question

According to research, increased conformity to gender roles during early adolescence occurs especially for adolescents

answer

whose parents encourage gender-role conformity

question

The research finding that 90 percent of infants observed at an American shopping mall were wearing gender-specific clothing provides support for

answer

differential gender socialization

question

According to the text, gender expectations become more rigid in early adolescence as part of the gender intensification process. In what grade does gender flexibility peak?

question

Which of the following is associated with gender schema theory?

answer

An assumption that people organize information in terms of gender.

question

The term self-esteem was invented by

question

For an adolescent, feelings of failure may result from awareness of a difference between the

answer

actual self and the ideal self

question

Which of the following is NOT one of the domains of self-image proposed by Harter?

answer

Extracurricular participation

question

Tessa's parents have noticed that she has low self-esteem. Of the following, what is the best advice for them?

answer

Provide love and encouragement

question

According to Erikson, each life period is characterized by a specific

answer

developmental issue.

question

Enid looks up to her aunt who is a writer and wants to be just like her when she grows up. According to Erikson, which of the following terms describes this situation?

question

For adolescents in minority cultures, the cognitive ability of self-reflection may bring about a heightened awareness of

answer

All of these... a.what it means to be a member of a minority group. b. the cultural stereotypes others may hold. c. differences between the majority and minority cultures.

question

As a consequence of __________ many young people around the world adopt a_________ identity.

answer

globalization; bicultural

question

Jakob goes out a lot. He hangs around with a lot of guys from his neighborhood and his school. They are always skateboarding together downtown and playing video games. However, Jakob feels like he has no one to talk to about his problems and the things that are important to him. Jakob is experiencing

answer

emotional loneliness.

question

During which of the following life periods do people tend to spend the most time alone?

question

According to research, what family members do adolescents rate as having the closest attachments with?

question

One key principle of the family systems approach is

answer

parents often become depressed when children move away

question

Dylan, a 15-year-old boy, and his father, Craig, have spent less time together over the past few years. On average Dylan and his father only spend about one hour a day together, and most of that time is spent watching television. What does this tell us about Dylan's home life?

answer

Dylan's home life is normal.

question

Parental responsiveness is the degree to which parents

answer

are sensitive to their children's needs.

question

What principle describes the idea that adolescents are not only influenced by their parents but also influence their parents?

question

Which statement about parenting is most true of non-Western cultures?

answer

Authoritative parenting is rare.

question

What do early and middle adolescents have in common in terms of their family harmony? Both age groups tend to have high levels of

answer

conflict with parents.

question

What statement most closely reflects the feelings of emerging adults after their departure from the family home? Emerging adults report

answer

ALL a. greater closeness with their parents. b. fewer negative feelings toward their parents. c. valuing their parents' opinions.

question

In recent studies what percentage of American emerging adults "return to the nest" to live at least once after they leave?

question

According to research conducted on runaway youth, what percentage who leave home stay within 50 miles of home?

question

Friendships are particularly important during adolescence because it is a time of life when young people

answer

a. extend their relationships outside the immediate family.

question

According to research, who do 15-year-olds indicate is their primary source of emotional support?

answer

d. Same-gender friends

question

Consuelo is very close to her parents. She really loves going sailing with her mom on the weekends; she describes their conversations as "very deep." Consuelo often goes to her dad for advice and loves helping him in the kitchen. Based on research, we could predict that Consuelo is likely to

answer

b. develop strong attachments to friends.

question

Which of the following scholars first developed ideas on the importance of intimacy in adolescent relationships?

question

Close friendship in adolescence promotes development of

answer

ALL a. perspective taking. b. a healthy identity. c. empathy. Correct Response d. all of these answers are correct.

question

In terms of friendships, ethnic boundaries may become sharper during adolescence due to

answer

b. ethnic stereotypes and prejudices.

question

Friendships in emerging adulthood often include information, instrumental, companionship and

question

According to research, in emerging adulthood, the importance of ____________ tend to decline as romantic relationships _________________.

answer

friendships; develop

question

Which of the following best represents the function of crowds? Crowds

answer

help adolescents define their identities.

question

Which of the following is the term for a society that condones a high degree of variability among individuals and groups?

question

Mike and Lisa, both 15 years old, are boyfriend and girlfriend. If Mike and Lisa were typical of the young people in recent research on adolescent romantic behavior, what would they look for in a romantic partner?

answer

Mike would mention physical attractiveness

question

Which statement best characterizes adolescent love?

answer

Infatuation is common among adolescents.

question

Romantic love as the basis for marriage is

answer

a new cultural idea.

question

Fifteen-year-old Alex is at home feeling sad. She has just been dumped by her boyfriend. Her mom comes into her room to see how she is doing. Alex feels like the world is over, she will never love again, and this is the worst thing that has ever happened to her. Alex's unhappy feelings are intensified by her

answer

adolescent egocentrism

question

One implication which follows from the personal fable of adolescence is that adolescents

answer

tend to score high on measures of formal operational thought

question

One implication that follows from restrictive cultures placing strong prohibitions on adolescent sexual activity before marriage is that

answer

d. females are punished for engaging in premarital sex.

question

What factor tends NOT to affect the timing of an adolescent's first sexual experience?

answer

Level of parental communication

question

Harassment may include all of the following EXCEPT

answer

excessively complimenting the person

question

One implication that follows from the pervasiveness of homophobia in American society is

answer

coming out can be a traumatic experience.

question

Over the past year, Alex has only been sexually active with one partner. According to the text, Alex is most likely

question

According to the text, when did states in the USA begin passing laws requiring school attendance through early teens?

question

According to the text, the comprehensive high school system was designed to

answer

ALL a. include general education. b. prepare students for college. c. include vocational training. d. all of these answers are correct.

question

One major drawback of the U.S. system of comprehensive high schools is

answer

it limits job-specific training.

question

Blanca and Melanie attend high schools in Thunder Bay, Ontario. Blanca attends a large high school with 3,000 students. Melanie, on the other hand, attends a smaller school of only 200. According to research, who is more likely to participate in extracurricular activities based on the size of the schools?

question

School climate refers to the

answer

quality of interactions between students and teachers.

question

According to research, which statement best summarizes the current climate in American high schools? Adolescents are

answer

physically present but psychologically absent.

question

How is socioeconomic status [SES] related to adolescents' school performance?

answer

Performance and SES are positively correlated.

question

According to the text, what best explains girls' superior performance in school and the relatively poor performance of boys?

answer

ALL a. Girls report more positive experiences in the classroom. b. Girls feel greater support by their parents. c. Girls have higher contact time with their teachers. d. All of these answers are correct.

question

According to the text, approximately what percentage of college students drop out before obtaining a degree?

question

Hunting, fishing, and farming are occupational pursuits most common in

answer

traditional cultures

question

According to Chapter 11, one benefit of globalization has been

answer

making daily life easier in traditional cultures.

question

Balwant's parents are living in severe poverty in New Delhi, India. Balwant's parents have decided that the only way they can survive is to take out a loan and guarantee the money with Balwant's labor. This is known as

question

Which statement most accurately represents the relationship between American schools and adolescent work?

answer

None of these answers are correct

question

Some studies have shown positive findings between adolescent work and psychological functioning which includes

answer

increased self-esteem.

question

According to research, working more than _________ hours a week is associated with a variety of types of problem behavior including vandalism, driving while intoxicated, and beating up someone.

question

What percentage of American emerging adults attends college after graduating from high school? Approximately

question

According to the text, all of the U.S. school-to-work and job-training programs tried thus far have

answer

only been implemented on a limited scale.

question

What is the last stage of Super's [1992] theory of the development of occupational goals?

question

In contrast to high school graduates, adolescents who drop out before they graduate are more likely to be

question

At the beginning of the chapter, the author uses the example of the Disney movie "The Program" to illustrate

answer

the complexity of media influences on adolescents.

question

Which of the following is NOT one of the theories of media influence discussed in this chapter?

answer

The Cognitive Developmental Approach

question

All her life, 15-year-old Trina has watched American television shows that depict life in a middle-class, two-parent home. Trina believes that this type of family life is typical of life in America. This example best illustrates

question

Robbie is in 10th grade and edits the school poetry "zine." He hopes to be a published writer and win a scholarship to a fine arts college. He says he became interested in poetry two years ago when he watched a television show about Jack Kerouac. This situation best illustrates media use and

answer

identity formation.

question

Which of the following is NOT an example of a qualitative research method?

answer

Students answer questionnaires about the frequency and type of media use.

question

The most important result of 20th century media, such as television and radio, was the creation of a new source of

question

It is difficult to make a clear link between viewing violent television and aggressive behavior in adolescents because most of the research is

question

Ward [1995] found that young men and women in popular television shows are often portrayed as having a _______________ attitude towards sex.

question

What type of music was criticized in the 1920s for promoting promiscuity and alcohol use?

question

According to research, in which of the following areas were striking changes observed in Inuit adolescents' behavior after the introduction of television?

answer

Romantic relationships and competitive sports

question

One reason that emerging adulthood has been proposed as a key period for the expression of resilience is because emerging adults

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have not yet made the commitments that structure adult life

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Which of the following is a leading researcher in the area of resilience?

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Leanne is underweight and has experienced amenorrhea associated with anorexia nervosa. Despite this, when she looks in the mirror she sees herself as overweight and flabby. This situation best illustrates

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cognitive distortion.

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Young people with internalizing disorders are sometimes referred to as

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Caddy suffers from clinical depression. Based on research, it could be predicted that Caddy is more likely to ___________________ than other adolescents.

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have an anxiety disorder

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Which of the following best describes substance use among American adolescents?

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Other than alcohol, cigarettes, and marijuana, substance use is uncommon.

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Terrie Moffitt's [1993, 2003] provocative theory proposes a distinction between two types of delinquency:

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adolescence-limited and life-course-persistent.

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The idea that religious participation may make it less likely that an adolescent take part in risk behavior best refers to

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The Add Health study found that risk behavior was significantly related to

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ALL a. family structure. b socioeconomic status. c. ethnic background. d. all of these answers are correct.

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That African American adolescents are more likely than White adolescents to be arrested reflects

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lower SES among African Americans

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For the most part, early maturation tends to be more positive for girls than boys

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Kohlberg's cognitive development theory of gender was based on Jean Piaget's ideas about cognitive development

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A century ago, the mission of most colleges and universities was grounded explicitly in religious beliefs

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The two processes involved in the use of schemes are assimilation and analytic thinking

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According to research by Ward [1995], approximately 70% of interactions in television shows most popular with adolescents contained sex-related statements

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Erik Erikson felt that emerging adulthood is characterized by the age 0f identity explorations

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Lower levels of body fat signal the hypothalamus to increase GnRh production

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Not all adolescents participate in youth culture

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Externalizing problems are more common among females than among males

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People who have received cognitive-behavior therapy are less likely than those who have been treated with antidepressant medication to relapse after the treatment period

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The peak of substance use occurs during adolescence

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According to Adelson [1971], one key change observed between early and late adolescence was a sharp increase in authoritarian political views

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Some scholars suggest a link between cognitive development and contraception use

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Based on biological and cognitive changes of adolescence, parent-adolescent conflict is universal and "natural"

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In traditional cultures, socialization becomes broader for girls and narrower for boys in adolescents

What do close friendship in adolescence promote the development of?

What are the types of friendship during adolescence?

Which of the following is the most common form of internalizing problem in adolescence?

What term refers to a small social group of friends who know each other well and often do things together?