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- Which nutrient does the body show dramatic increase in absorption for during pregnancy?
- Which of the following nutrients are required in higher amounts during pregnancy?
- Which of the following nutrients are required in higher amounts during pregnancy due to their roles in the synthesis?
- Which of the following nutrients are required in higher amounts during pregnancy due to their roles in the synthesis of DNA and new cells?
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Terms in this set [31]
All of the following are characteristics of nutrition and pregnancy except
-underweight has little, if any, effect on fertility.
-overweight men have low sperm counts that reduce fertility.
-excess body fat in women interferes with the regular cycles of menstruation.
-the woman's nutritional status is more important than the man's for
the developing fetus.
underweight has little, if any, effect on fertility.
Which of the following describes the capacity of a man to produce sperm and a woman to periodically produce a normal egg?
-Implantation zone
-Fertility
-Zygote
-Conception
Fertility
What is the placenta?
-The developing infant during its second through eighth week after conception
-An organ from which the infant receives
nourishment from the mother
-The developing infant from the eighth week after conception until birth
-A muscular organ within which the infant develops before birth
An organ from which the infant receives nourishment from the mother
A newly fertilized egg is known as a[n]
-fetus
-ovum
-embryo
-zygote
zygote
What is the term given to the developing infant from the eighth week after conception until
birth?
-Ovum
-Embryo
-Fetus
-Zygote
Fetus
Gestation is generally divided into equal periods of
-3 months, called trimesters
-4 weeks, called quarters
-9 weeks, called quartiles
-4 months, called semesters
3 months, called trimesters
All of the following statements are specific to the critical periods of cell division except
-whatever nutrients are needed during a critical period must
be supplied at that time
-high-nutrient-density food fed after the critical period can remedy a growth deficit
-malnutrition during pregnancy can affect fetal cell division
-malnutrition during critical periods can have irreversible effects
high-nutrient-density food fed after the critical period can remedy a growth deficit
Which of the following is a characteristic of neural tube defects?
-They include common disorders such as liver and
kidney disease
-They can be prevented by supplementation of the pregnant woman's diet with vitamins A and E
-They can be prevented by supplementation of the pregnant woman's diet with vitamin B12
-They are found in about 1,000 newborns in the United States each year
They are found in about 1,000 newborns in the United States each year
Which of the following nutrients taken as a prenatal supplement has been found to be associated with a lower
incidence of neural tube defects?
-Iron
-Cobalamin
-Folate
-Calcium
Folate
What is the most reliable indicator of an infant's future health status?
-Infant's birth weight
-Mother's nutrition status prior to pregnancy
-Mother's weight gain during pregnancy
-Mother's weight before pregnancy
Infant's birth weight
What is the recommended range of weight gain during pregnancy for a
normal-weight woman?
-38-44 lbs
-19-24 lbs
-25-35 lbs
-10-18 lbs
25-35 lbs
All of the following are normal body responses to pregnancy except
-blood volume increases
-joints become more flexible
-body water level decreases
-breast size increases
body water level decreases
To maintain physical fitness during pregnancy, all of the following activities are considered acceptable except
-45-minute balanced exercise sessions 3 times/week
-swimming
-saunas
-playing singles tennis
saunas
What is the recommended increase in daily energy intake for the third trimester of pregnancy?
-300 kcal
-540 kcal
-450 kcal
-200 kcal
450 kcal
Which of the following nutrients are required in higher amounts during pregnancy due to their roles in the synthesis of red blood cells?
-Vitamin E
and vitamin C
-Protein and chromium
-Calcium and vitamin A
-Folate and vitamin B12
Folate and vitamin B12
Examine the following menu for a pregnant woman.
Breakfast
• 2 scrambled eggs
• 1 crushed wheat English muffin
• 1 cup orange juice
Lunch
• 2 pieces [4 oz] fried chicken
• 2 wheat rolls w/butter
• cup mashed potatoes and gravy
• Iced tea
Supper
• 3 oz pork chop
• 1 ear corn on the cob
• Lettuce
and tomato salad with 2 tbsp dressing
• 1 slice bread
According to the recommended food intake for pregnancy, which of the following food groups is the only one that is provided in sufficient amounts by this menu?
-Meats
-Vegetables
-Milk
-Bread/cereal
Meats
All of the following reflect a state of iron nutrition in pregnancy except
-stores of the mineral are transferred to the fetus even with low dietary intake
-absorption of the
mineral increases due to higher blood transferrin.
-most women enter pregnancy with adequate stores of the mineral.
-the mineral is conserved during this period.
most women enter pregnancy with adequate stores of the mineral.
During pregnancy, which of the following nutrients show a dramatic increase in absorption?
-Thiamin and ascorbic acid
-Calcium and iron
-Salt and sugar
-Protein and fat
Calcium and iron
The common problems of pregnancy include all of the following except
-heartburn
-constipation
-nausea
-low blood pressure
low blood pressure
Which of the following is the standard classification for a low-birth weight infant?
-5 lbs or less
-4 lbs or less
-3 lbs or less
-6 lbs or less
5 lbs or less
What is the name of the condition characterized by high blood pressure, edema,
and protein in the urine of a pregnant woman?
-teratogenic hypertension
c. pregnancy-induced blood pressure crisis
-gestational diabetes
-preeclampsia
preeclampsia
What is gestational diabetes?
-Abnormal blood glucose maintenance during pregnancy
-A severe form of type 1 diabetes in newborns
-A temporary loss of insulin secretion during the first trimester of pregnancy
-Reactive hypoglycemia expressed during the third trimester
of pregnancy
Abnormal blood glucose maintenance during pregnancy
Which of the following is a characteristic of gestational diabetes?
-It occurs more often in women with a history of having premature births
-It occurs in over one-half of normal weight women
-It predicts risk of diabetes for the infant
-It leads to adult-onset diabetes in about a third of the women
It leads to adult-onset diabetes in about a third of the women
With few exceptions, all of the following substances or practices should be totally eliminated during pregnancy except
-artificial sweeteners
-weight-loss dieting
-alcohol consumption
-cigarette smoking
artificial sweeteners
What is the risk of giving birth to a child with Down syndrome for a woman who is 40 years old compared with a 20 year old?
-One-half as much
-much higher
-About the same
much higher
What is fetal alcohol syndrome?
-Trisomy 21 genetic disease that occurs more frequently with advanced maternal age
-congenital defects including brain and facial deformation that occur in the fetus when the mother drinks alcohol during the pregnancy
-incomplete closure of neural tube due to mutations or dietary deficiencies in first trimester
congenital defects including brain and facial deformation that occur in the fetus when the mother drinks alcohol during the pregnancy
Which of the following recommendations for pregnant women and alcohol intake has been issued by the U.S. Surgeon General?
-They are permitted to ingest no more than 2 drinks per day
-They should refrain from drinking hard liquor only
-They are permitted to ingest small amounts of alcohol during the first 3 months but none thereafter
-They should drink absolutely no alcohol
They should drink absolutely no alcohol
All of the following are effects of tobacco use in pregnancy except
-an increased risk for macrosomia.
-an increased risk for SIDS.
-an increased risk for vaginal bleeding.
-an increased risk for fetal death.
an increased risk for macrosomia.
The number of extra kcalories per day needed to produce a normal supply of milk during the first six months of lactation is approximately
-100.
-500.
-1000
-250.
500.
Which of the following is a function of prolactin?
-It reverses the effects of certain mutagens
-It reverses the effects of certain teratogens
-It acts on mammary glands to stimulate milk release
-It acts on mammary glands to promote milk production
It acts on mammary glands to promote milk production
A positive relationship exists between sudden infant death syndrome and which of the following
behaviors during pregnancy?
-High fish intake
-Cigarette smoking
-Lack of exercise
-Vitamin C supplements
Cigarette smoking
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Which nutrient does the body show dramatic increase in absorption for during pregnancy?
More efficient uptake and utilisation of calcium occurs naturally during pregnancy via physiological adaptations, including increased calcium absorption stimulated by hormones [vitamin D, oestrogen, lactogen and prolactin] and enhanced retention of calcium by kidney tubules [13].
Which of the following nutrients are required in higher amounts during pregnancy?
During pregnancy you need folic acid, iron, calcium, vitamin D, choline, omega-3 fatty acids, B vitamins, and vitamin C. See the below table for recommended amounts. Fortified cereal, enriched bread and pasta, peanuts, dark green leafy vegetables, orange juice, beans.
Which of the following nutrients are required in higher amounts during pregnancy due to their roles in the synthesis?
Folic acid, iron, zinc, calcium, vitamin C, and vitamin D [in addition to energy and protein], are the main micronutrients for which the requirement physiologically increases during pregnancy and lactation.
Which of the following nutrients are required in higher amounts during pregnancy due to their roles in the synthesis of DNA and new cells?
for folate vitamin b12, iron, zinc, the needs are especially GREAT b/c of their key roles in the synthesis of DNA and new cells.