Juneteenth is an annual observance on June 19 to remember when Union soldiers enforced the Emancipation Proclamation and freed all remaining slaves in Texas on June 19, 1865. This day is an opportunity for people to celebrate freedom and equal rights in the United States.
Celebrators wave to the crowd from a float during the annual Juneteenth parade in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.
©iStockphoto.com/Bastiaan Slabbers
Is Juneteenth a Public Holiday?
Juneteenth is a paid state holiday in several states including Massachusetts, New Jersey, New York, and Virginia. It is also an official observance in other US states.
In some states, people employed by the state may have a day off work. Stores, post offices, and other organizations and businesses are likely to be open as usual, but some may be closed or have restricted opening hours in some areas. Many public transit services operate on their usual schedule, but there may be some changes. There may be some local disruption to traffic around large scale public events.
What Do People Do?
A range of public, community and private events are held to celebrate Juneteenth, often on a weekend close to June 19. These include:
- Pot luck outdoor cookouts, barbecues or picnics.
- Baseball games.
- Workplace lunches.
- Rodeos.
- Neighborhood or block parties.
- Community flag-raising ceremonies.
- Juneteenth displays in city halls, libraries, schools, and post offices.
- Essay or artwork competitions for young people.
- Presentations of community service awards.
- The distribution of Juneteenth buttons, t-shirts, mugs, and bags.
Some people also decorate conference rooms or corridors at their workplace, and their neighborhoods and yards with Juneteenth banners, yard signs, and flags to raise awareness of the event.
Background
Slavery in the United States can be traced back to the 16th century when Spanish explorers brought African slaves with them to the New World. It lasted until the Emancipation Proclamation came into effect on January 1, 1863. On that date Texas was largely controlled by forces fighting for the Confederate States, which opposed the abolition of slavery. On June 19, 1865, Union soldiers arrived to take control of Texas and enforce the emancipation of slaves in the state. In Galveston, Texas, the newly freed slaves held large public celebrations and so laid the base for future Juneteenth activities. The word 'Juneteenth' resulted from the words 'June Nineteenth' being combined together in speech.
After 1865, Juneteenth was mainly celebrated in Texas. Parks have been established on land bought by former slaves to hold Juneteenth celebrations in the Texan cities of Austin, Houston, and Mexia. However, it is now a state holiday or observance in more than half of the US states and there is a campaign for Juneteenth to become a national holiday or observance throughout the nation. Juneteenth celebrations are also held in other countries around the world, including Ghana, Honduras, Japan, Taiwan, and Trinidad and Tobago.
Symbols
The Juneteenth flag consists of a rectangle. The lower part of the rectangle is red and the upper part is blue and it has a solid white, five-pointed star at its center. The star is surrounded by a white outline of a 12-pointed star. The Juneteenth flag is often displayed with the United States flag to symbolize that slavery is illegal.
In Texas and some other southern states, the traditional drink on Juneteenth is Big Red soda. This variety of cream soda is a sweet, soft drink flavored with orange and lemon oils and vanilla. It is available in different flavors and with or without caffeine and sugar.
Juneteenth Observances
Showing:While we diligently research and update our holiday dates, some of the information in the table above may be preliminary. If you find an error, please let us know.
Overview
Join us as we celebrate African American culture and creativity in an event that highlights the artistic traditions of African Americans: art, music, dance, and spoken word.
Please note, the date and time of this event is not finalized. Check back later for more details.
What is Juneteenth?
Juneteenth is a federal holiday in the United States that celebrates the emancipation of enslaved African Americans. Juneteenth’s commemoration is held on the anniversary of June 19, 1865, when Army Major General Gordon Granger proclaimed freedom for enslaved people in Texas, the last state of the Confederacy with institutional slavery, due to the ratification of the Emancipation Proclamation. Originating in Galveston, Texas, Juneteenth has been celebrated annually on June 19 in various parts of the United States since 1866 as a celebration of African American culture. It became a federal holiday on June 17, 2021, the first new federal holiday since Martin Luther King Jr. Day was adopted in 1983.